Herbs and Herbalism
Plant ID
North America
Trees
Evergreen
Cedar Coniferous evergreen tree/shrub up to
20m/65ft tall slow growing. Bark reddish/brown peeling Green needles
Cedarwood Texas Evergreen tree up to 7m/23ft
tall, green needles. Tends to be crooked or twisted
Juniper Evergreen conifer. Up to 1.5-3.5m/4-12ft. Stem: reddish Leaves prickly needles in whorls of three Flowers small yellow at base of leaves May June Fruit green berry like cone in June ripens to dark purple berries September or October
Brown
Sassafras Deciduous tree up to 40m/132ft. Orange/brown bark. Yellow/Green flowers
Butternut Tree Grey bark up to 12 edible fruit
on each catkin
Rowan Small deciduous tree up to 20m/66ft tall with smooth grey bark Leaves alternate, toothed, leaflets in 5-10pairs Flowers small, white in umbel May, five petals, five sepals. Red berry clusters 6-9mm. August November
Sassafras Deciduous tree up to 40m/132ft. Orange/brown bark. Yellow/Green flowers
Birch sweet Tree up to 25m/82ft high, bright
green leaves, dark red bark
Cedar Coniferous evergreen tree/shrub up to 20m/65ft tall slow growing. Bark reddish/brown peeling Green needles
Rosewood Evergreen tree, reddish bark, yellow flowers
Ash grey bark. Height up to 148 ft girth of
22 ft Lives up to 150 years. Black buds Tall, long slender branches. Silvery-grey
bark, matt black buds & ash keys.
Mature 4-50 years old. Grow up to 130 ft.
Leaves made up of 9 or 13 leaflets. One of
the last to come into leaf in spring and the 1st to drop in autumn.
The leaflets have a conduit for water to run down their centre stem
Flowers in April or May. Purple headed stamens
no petals.
Seeds green bottled shaped
When the flower drops lime green keys are
left (also known as spinners due to the way they spin when thrown)
Deeply rooted and tend to exhaust the soil to little grows under it
Green
Sassafras Deciduous tree up to 40m/132ft. Orange/brown bark. Yellow/Green flowers
Ash grey bark. Height up to 148 ft girth of
22 ft Lives up to 150 years. Black buds Tall, long slender branches. Silvery-grey
bark, matt black buds & ash keys.
Mature 4-50 years old. Grow up to 130 ft.
Leaves made up of 9 or 13 leaflets. One of
the last to come into leaf in spring and the 1st to drop in autumn.
The leaflets have a conduit for water to run down their centre stem
Flowers in April or May. Purple headed stamens
no petals.
Seeds green bottled shaped
When the flower drops lime green keys are
left (also known as spinners due to the way they spin when thrown)
Deeply rooted and tend to exhaust the soil
to little grows under it
Rowan Small deciduous tree up to 20m/66ft tall with smooth grey bark Leaves alternate, toothed, leaflets in 5-10pairs Flowers small, white in umbel May, five petals, five sepals. Red berry clusters 6-9mm. August November
Juniper Evergreen conifer. Up to 1.5-3.5m/4-12ft.
Stem: reddish Leaves prickly needles in whorls of three Flowers small yellow
at base of leaves May June Fruit green berry like cone in June ripens to dark
purple berries September or October
Rosewood Evergreen tree, reddish bark, yellow
flowers
Sassafras Deciduous tree up to 40m/132ft.
Orange/brown bark. Yellow/Green flowers
Purple Juniper Evergreen conifer. Up to 1.5-3.5m/4-12ft. Stem: reddish Leaves prickly needles in whorls of three Flowers small yellow at base of leaves May June Fruit green berry like cone in June ripens to dark purple berries September or October
Rowan Small deciduous tree up to 20m/66ft tall with smooth grey bark Leaves alternate, toothed, leaflets in 5-10pairs Flowers small, white in umbel May, five petals, five sepals. Red berry clusters 6-9mm. August November
Alternate
Rowan Small deciduous tree up to 20m/66ft
tall with smooth grey bark Leaves alternate, toothed, leaflets in 5-10pairs
Flowers small, white in umbel May, five petals, five sepals. Red berry clusters
6-9mm. August November
Bright Green
Birch sweet Tree up to 25m/82ft high, bright
green leaves, dark red bark
Elliptical
Frangula Small thornless tree. Leaves: broadly
elliptical, smooth.
Leaflets
Ash grey bark. Height up to 148 ft girth of
22 ft Lives up to 150 years. Black buds Tall, long slender branches. Silvery-grey
bark, matt black buds & ash keys.
Mature 4-50 years old. Grow up to 130 ft.
Leaves made up of 9 or 13 leaflets. One of
the last to come into leaf in spring and the 1st to drop in autumn.
The leaflets have a conduit for water to run down their centre stem
Flowers in April or May. Purple headed stamens
no petals.
Seeds green bottled shaped
When the flower drops lime green keys are
left (also known as spinners due to the way they spin when thrown)
Deeply rooted and tend to exhaust the soil
to little grows under it
Rowan Small deciduous tree up to 20m/66ft
tall with smooth grey bark Leaves alternate, toothed, leaflets in 5-10pairs
Flowers small, white in umbel May, five petals, five sepals. Red berry clusters
6-9mm. August November
Needles
Cedar Coniferous evergreen tree/shrub up to
20m/65ft tall slow growing. Bark reddish/brown peeling Green needles
Cedarwood Texas Evergreen tree up to 7m/23ft tall, green needles. Tends to be crooked or twisted
Ovate
Arbutus trailing Leaves: ovate, broad, leathery
Juniper Evergreen conifer. Up to 1.5-3.5m/4-12ft.
Stem: reddish Leaves prickly needles in whorls of three Flowers small yellow
at base of leaves May June Fruit green berry like cone in June ripens to dark
purple berries September or October
Rowan Small deciduous tree up to 20m/66ft tall with smooth grey bark Leaves alternate, toothed, leaflets in 5-10pairs Flowers small, white in umbel May, five petals, five sepals. Red berry clusters 6-9mm. August November
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