Herbs and Herbalism

Plant ID

Flowers 

Red

Bergamot -Hardy perennial.60-90cm/2-3ft. Leaves - oval, toothed, pointed. Stem-hard, ridged, square, slightly hairy tinged red near leaves joints. Flowers-tight clusters, tubular, shaggy scarlet blooms June-August

Bog myrtle - Deciduous shrub 0.5-2m/1-6ft. Leaves grey/green, narrow toothed. Shiny red twigs. Flowers red and orange (male and female) catkins on separate plants April – May before leaves

Burdock greater -Robust, erect plant 80-150cm/32-60in tall. Leaves alternate, basal leaves rough with heart shaped blades, untoothed, up to 50cm/20in. Flowers: similar to thistle heads red/purple occasionally white. Flower bracts with golden green with hooked tips July – September

Butterbur - Perennial. Flowers: blue or red February - March

Centaury - Annual or biennial Up to 60cm/2ft Root-woody and fibrous. Spoon shaped leaves. Pink/Red flowers July-September five petals. Flowers open early morning but close around noon

Clover crimson - Annual fast growing Flowers: crimson July –September

Coreopsis - Annual up to 45cm/1 ˝ ft Flowers: yellow and rust red North America

Cowslip - Perennial 30cm/1ft Flowers: yellow, red, orange, blue, violet April –May Fruit: oval enclosed within sepals. Sepals: pale green

Fox and cubs - Perennial up to 30cm/1ft Flowers: yellow, orange or red

Fumitory - Annual Flowers: Red/purple May-September

Houndstongue - Biennial 40-70cm/16-28in tall. Mousy smell. Long silky hairs Leaves: long tongue shaped Flowers blood red – purple June – August Fruits: flattened, spiny which sticks to clothes and animal fur

Hyssop - Semi-Evergreen bushy perennial. Up to 60cm/4ft, square stem, linear leaves. Red, blue and white flowers in whorls June – October

Jaborandi - Woody shrub up to 2m/6ft, smooth grey bark, large brown leaves, red/purple flowers

Kidney vetch - Low growing typical vetch leaves in opposites along the stem with a single leaf at the end. Flowers pale yellow-orange-red May-August

Mugwort - Perennial herb up to 1.5m/5ft, purplish stems, dark green divided leaves, which are white underneath. Small red/brown flowers July –September

Pennyroyal - Creeping perennial stems 7-15cm/3-6in high. Flowers July & August –red-mauve

Peony -60cm/2ft Flower: red May-June

Rose rock - Perennial, creeping woody semi evergreen sub-shrub15-20cm/ 6-8in tall 5-10cm/2-4in wide Flowers red/orange

Salad burnet - Perennial 8-30cm/3-12in Flat, rosettes of leaves. Tight clusters, crimson flowers

Scarlet pimpernel - Hairless annual up to 10cm. Rectangular stems Leaves opposite oval to lanceolata, pointed and stalkless Flowers solitary red June-October

Valerian red -Perennial Stout, fleshy plant thick erect stems up to 50-80cm/20-32in tall. Leaves grey/green of blue/green paired and mostly untoothed. Stem leaves un-stalked, oval to spear shaped broad bases that clasp around stem. Flowers red, pink or white star shaped in dense fluffy heads June- august

Poppy red -Hairy annual. 60-90cm/2-3ft. Leaves: divided into paired segments, toothed and end in point Flowers deep scarlet, 4 petals floppy up to 10cm/4in across, numerous stamens June – October Fruit seed pods are hairless and flat topped like an inverted cone

Nasturtium - Annual Climbing, hairless plant 30cm-1m/1ft-3ft. Leaves: round Red, yellow and gold bell shaped flowers, 5 petals June-September

Hedge woundwort -60-100cm/24-40in tall. Stems: square, erect, soft hair. Leaves: paired, short stalks, toothed, heart shaped and pointed (similar to nettle leaves), basal leaves long stalked. Flowers in spikes, dull red/purple whorls forming at the base of upper leaves June –September

Sorrel common - Erect perennial 10-120cm/4-47in tall. Leaves arrow shaped and clasping the stem near the top of the plant Flowers spikes of small, red and green flowers on a smooth stem May - August

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